tmustbegivenup. B:marketpriceoftheadditi
第一篇 经济学导论 单元测验1：第一篇（ 经济学导论）
1、 问题:Microeconomicsisoftencalled
选项：
A:pricetheory.
B:decisionscience.
C:scarcity.
D:resourcetheory.
答案: 【pricetheory.】
2、 问题:Societyfacestrade-offsbecauseof
选项：
A:governmentregulations.
B:greedycorporations.
C:facelessbureaucrats.
D:scarcity.
答案: 【scarcity.】
3、 问题:Thepurposeofmakingassumptionsineconomicmodelbuildingisto
选项：
A:forcethemodeltoyieldthecorrectanswer.
B:minimizetheamountofworkaneconomistmustdo.
C:simplifythemodelwhilekeepingimportantdetails.
D:expresstherelationshipmathematically.
答案: 【simplifythemodelwhilekeepingimportantdetails.】
4、 问题:Whichofthefollowingistrue?
选项：
A:Efficiencyreferstothesizeoftheeconomicpie;equalityreferstohowthepieisdivided.
B:Governmentpoliciesusuallyimproveuponbothequalityandefficiency.
C:Aslongastheeconomicpiecontinuallygetslarger，noonewillhavetogohungry.
D:Efficiencyandequalitycanbothbeachievediftheeconomicpieiscutintoequalpieces.
答案: 【Efficiencyreferstothesizeoftheeconomicpie;equalityreferstohowthepieisdivided.】
5、 问题:Theopportunitycostofanitemis
选项：
A:thenumberofhoursneededtoearnmoneytobuytheitem.
B:whatyougiveuptogetthatitem.
C:usuallylessthanthedollarvalueoftheitem.
D:thedollarvalueoftheitem.
6、 问题:Rationalpeoplemakedecisionsatthemarginby
选项：
A:followingmarginaltraditions.
B:followingmarginaltraditions.
C:thinkinginblack-and-whiteterms.
D:comparingmarginalcostsandmarginalbenefits.
答案: 【comparingmarginalcostsandmarginalbenefits.】
7、 问题:Peoplearelikelytorespondtoapolicychange
选项：
A:onlyiftheythinkthepolicyisagoodone.
B:onlyifthepolicychangechangesthecostsoftheirbehavior.
C:onlyifthepolicychangechangesthebenefitsoftheirbehavior.
D:ifthepolicychangeseitherthecostsorbenefitsoftheirbehavior.
答案: 【ifthepolicychangeseitherthecostsorbenefitsoftheirbehavior.】
8、 问题:Theinvisiblehandworkstopromotegeneralwell-beingintheeconomyprimarilythrough
选项：
A:governmentintervention.
B:thepoliticalprocess.
C:people’spursuitofself-interest.
D:altruism.
答案: 【people’spursuitofself-interest.】
9、 问题:Causesofmarketfailureinclude
选项：
A:externalitiesandmarketpower.
B:marketpowerandincorrectforecastsofconsumerdemand.
C:externalitiesandforeigncompetition.
D:incorrectforecastsofconsumerdemandandforeigncompetition.
答案: 【externalitiesandmarketpower.】
10、 问题:Whatisthemostimportantfactorthatexplainsdifferencesinlivingstandardsacrosscountries?
选项：
A:thequantityofmoney
B:thelevelofunemployment
C:productivity
D:equality
答案: 【productivity】
11、 问题:Acircular-flowdiagramisamodelthat
选项：
A:helpstoexplainhowparticipantsintheeconomyinteractwithoneanother.
B:helpstoexplainhowpeople make decisions.
C:incorporatesallaspectsoftherealeconomy.
D:helpstoexplainhowthe economy works as a whole.
答案: 【helpstoexplainhowparticipantsintheeconomyinteractwithoneanother.】
12、 问题:Productionisefficientiftheeconomyisproducingatapoint
选项：
A:ontheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.
B:outsidetheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.
C:onorinsidetheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.
D:insidetheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.
答案: 【ontheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.】
13、 问题:Theopportunitycostofobtainingmoreofonegoodisshownontheproductionpossibilitiesfrontierasthe
选项：
A:amountoftheothergoodthatmustbegivenup.
B:marketpriceoftheadditionalamountproduced.
C:amountofresourcesthatmustbedevotedtoitsproduction.
D:numberofdollarsthatmustbespenttoproduceit.
答案: 【amountoftheothergoodthatmustbegivenup.】
14、 问题:Normativestatementsare
选项：
A:descriptive.
B:claimsabouthowtheworldshouldbe.
C:claimsabouthowtheworldis.
D:madebyeconomistsspeakingasscientists.
答案: 【claimsabouthowtheworldshouldbe.】
15、 问题:Whencantwocountriesgainfromtradingtwogoods?
选项：
A:whenthefirstcountrycanonlyproducethefirstgoodandthesecondcountrycanonlyproducethesecondgood
B:whenthefirstcountrycanproducebothgoods，butcanonlyproducethesecondgoodatgreatcost，andthesecondcountrycanproducebothgoods，butcanonlyproducethefirstgoodatgreatcost
C:whenthefirstcountryisbetteratproducingbothgoodsandthesecondcountryisworseatproducingbothgoods
D:Twocountriescouldgainfromtradingtwogoodsunderalloftheaboveconditions.
答案: 【Twocountriescouldgainfromtradingtwogoodsunderalloftheaboveconditions.】
16、 问题:Aneconomy’sproductionpossibilitiesfrontierisalsoitsconsumptionpossibilitiesfrontier
选项：
A:underallcircumstances.
B:undernocircumstances.
C:whentheeconomyisself-sufficient.
D:whentherateoftradeoffbetweenthetwogoodsbeingproducedisconstant.
答案: 【whentheeconomyisself-sufficient.】
17、 问题:Absoluteadvantageisfoundbycomparingdifferentproducers’
选项：
A:opportunitycosts.
B:paymentstoland，labor，andcapital.
C:inputrequirementsperunitofoutput.
D:locationalandlogisticalcircumstances.
答案: 【inputrequirementsperunitofoutput.】
18、 问题:SupposeJimandTomcanbothproducetwogoods:baseballbatsandhockeysticks.Whichofthefollowingisnotpossible?
选项：
A:Jimhasanabsoluteadvantageintheproductionofbaseballbatsandintheproductionofhockeysticks.
B:Jimhasanabsoluteadvantageintheproductionofbaseballbatsandacomparativeadvantageintheproductionofhockeysticks.
C:Jimhasanabsoluteadvantageintheproductionofhockeysticksandacomparativeadvantageintheproductionofbaseballbats.
D:Jimhasacomparativeadvantageintheproductionofbaseballbatsandintheproductionofhockeysticks.
答案: 【Jimhasacomparativeadvantageintheproductionofbaseballbatsandintheproductionofhockeysticks.】
19、 问题:SupposeJimandTomcanbothproducebaseballbats.IfJim’sopportunitycostofproducingbaseballbatsislowerthanTom’sopportunitycostofproducingbaseballbats，then
选项：
A:Tommusthaveanabsoluteadvantageintheproductionofbaseballbats.
B:Jimmusthaveanabsoluteadvantageintheproductionofbaseballbats.
C:Tomhasacomparativeadvantageintheproductionofbaseballbats.
D:Jimhasacomparativeadvantageintheproductionofbaseballbats.
答案: 【Jimhasacomparativeadvantageintheproductionofbaseballbats.】
20、 问题:Tradecanmakeeverybodybetteroffbecauseit
选项：
A:increasescooperationamongnations.
B:allowspeopletospecializeaccordingtocomparativeadvantage.
C:requiressomeworkersinaneconomytoberetrained.
D:reducescompetitionamongdomesticcompanies.
答案: 【allowspeopletospecializeaccordingtocomparativeadvantage.】
21、 问题:Economicsisthestudyofhowevenlygoodsandservicesaredistributedwithinsociety.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】
22、 问题:Ifwagesforaccountantsrose，thenaccountants’leisuretimewouldhavealoweropportunitycost.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】
23、 问题:Amarginalchangeisasmallincrementaladjustmenttoanexistingplanofaction.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】
24、 问题:Tradewithanynationcanbemutuallybeneficial.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】
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onalamountproduced. C:amountofresourcest