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起止时间:2020-03-02到2020-06-18
更新状态:已完结
Basic Princeples Test for Basic Princeples
1、 Supposing passive transport of nonionized forms of the following drugs determines the rate of their absorption, which of the following drugs will be best absorbed in the small intestine? (Supposing pH is 6.0 in bowel)
A:Aspirin, weak acid (pKa = 3.0)
B:Ethacrynic acid, weak acid (pKa = 3.5)
C:Sulfamethoxazole, weak acid(pKa=5.6)
D:Secobarbital, weak acid (pKa = 7.8)
E:Theophylline, weak base (pKa = 8.8)
答案: Secobarbital, weak acid (pKa = 7.8)
2、 If 91 percent of quinine，a weak base, is ionized in the blood, pKa of the drug is approximately (supposing pH is 7.4 in blood)
A:2.6
B:4.7
C:6.4
D:8.4
E:9.3
答案: 8.4
3、 Drugs may be released slowly from various drug reservoirs over long periods of time. The body reservoir that holds the largest amount of the barbiturate thiopental is
A:fat
B:lung
C:liver
D:muscle
E:serum albumin
答案: fat
4、 Drug accumulation will occur after repeated injections if a drug is
A:not metabolized by the liver
B:administered intravenously
C:administered at the t1/2 of the drug
D:distributed quickly into the extracellular space
E:significantly protein-bound in the plasma
答案: administered at the t1/2 of the drug
5、 The route of excretion for drugs or their metabolic derivatives that is quantitatively the LEAST significant is which of the following?
A:Biliary tract
B:Kidneys
C:Lungs
D:Feces
E:Milk
答案: Lungs
6、 Oxidizable drugs form a complex with and are oxidized by which of the following iron-containing pigments in the microsomal fraction of liver?
A:Cytochrome a
B:Cytochrome b
C:Cytochrome c
D:Cytochrome c1
E:Cytochrome P-450
答案: Cytochrome P-450
7、 In the presence of impaired renal function, the time interval between maintenance doses needs to be lengthened for all the following antibiotics EXCEPT
A:ciprofloxacin
B:streptomycin
C:sulfisoxazole
D:chloramphenicol
E:ethambutol
答案: chloramphenicol
8、 If a drug has an elimination half-life (t1/2) of 25 hr and 10 mg is administered intravenously every 12.5 hr, the expected average total body store of drug would be how many times greater than the 10 mg dose?
A:1.5
B:3.0
C:4.5
D:6.0
E:12.0
答案: 3.0
9、 It was determined that 95 percent of an oral 80-mg dose of verapamil was absorbed in a 70-kg test subject. However, because of extensive biotransformation during its first pass through the portal circulation, the bioavailability of verapamil was only 25 percent. Assuming a liver blood flow of 1500 ml/min, the hepatic clearance of verapamil in this situation was
A:60 ml/min
B:375 ml/min
C:740 ml/min
D:1110 ml/min
E:1425 ml/min
答案: 1110 ml/min
10、 An enteric-coated dosage form can be used to avoid all the following problems possible from oral drug administration EXCEPT
A:irritation to the gastric mucosa with nausea and vomiting
B:formation of nonabsorbable drug-food complexes
C:unpleasant taste of the drug
D:destruction of the drug by gastric acid or digestive enzymes
E:variability in absorption caused by fluctuations in gastric emptying time
答案: formation of nonabsorbable drug-food complexes
11、 Which of the following statements are correct regarding G Proteins
A:A GTP-binding protein (G protein) is located on the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane.
B:Gs proteins can activate their downstream effectors when bound by GTP and also have the ability to hydrolyze GTP.
C:The activated G protein can change the activity of an enzyme.
D:All of the above are correct (A, B and C)
E:The activated G protein cannot change the activity of an ion channel
答案: All of the above are correct (A, B and C)
12、 The pharmacokinetic value that most reliably reflects the amount of drug reaching the blood flow after oral administration is the
A:Peak blood concentration
B:Time to peak blood concentration
C:Elimination half-life
D:Volume of distribution
E:Area under the blood concentration-time curve
答案: Area under the blood concentration-time curve
13、 Monitoring the blood levels of a drug is particularly important if
A:Interpatient variability is considerable
B: Therapeutic index of the drug is low
C:Biological effect is difficult to monitor
D:The drug is easily accumulated
E:All of the above
答案: All of the above
14、 Biotransformation reactions classified as nonsynthetic reactions include which of the following?
A:Oxidation
B:Reduction
C:Hydrolysis
D:All of the above
E:dealkylation
答案: All of the above
15、 True receptors that mediate the biological actions of neurotransmitters, hormones, and drugs include certain, EXCEPT:
A:Regulatory proteins
B:Transport proteins
C:Enzymes
D:Plasma proteins
E:Structural proteins
答案: Plasma proteins
16、 Some drugs are transported across lipoid membranes by facilitated diffusion. This is a process that
A:is carrier-mediated
B:can be saturated
C:is selective for certain compounds
D:requires energy to function
E:both A and C
F:both B and D
答案: both A and C
17、 Immunologically mediated drug reaction observed soon after drug administration
A:Supersensitivity
B:Tachyphylaxis
C:Tolerance
D:Hyposensitivity
E:Anaphylaxis
答案: Anaphylaxis
18、 Select the transmembranal transport mechanism it best defines that bulk flow of water through membrane pores, resulting from osmotic differences across the membrane, transports drug molecules that fit through the membrane pores
A:Filtration
B:Simple diffusion
C:Facilitated diffusion
D:Active transport
E:Endocytosis
答案: Filtration
19、 Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding Enzyme induction
A:Enzyme induction induces P450 expression by enhancing the rate of its synthesis
B:Enzyme induction induces P450 expression by reducing its rate of degradation
C:Enzyme induction usually results in a decrease in the pharmacologic action of the inducer and also of co-administered drugs
D:Enzyme induction cannot exacerbate metabolite-mediated toxicity
E:Environmental chemicals and pollutants are also capable of inducing P450 enzymes
答案: Enzyme induction cannot exacerbate metabolite-mediated toxicity
20、 Well-established second messengers include
A:Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP)
B:Phosphoinositides
C:Calcium
D:Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP)
E:All of the above
答案: All of the above
Autonomic Drugs Test for Autonimic Drugs
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