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起止时间:2021-09-13到2022-01-31
更新状态:每周周末更新
作业Chapter 1 Invitations to Linguistics Homework for Chapter 1
1、 What are the design features of human language? Illustrate them with examples.
评分规则: 总分为100分。每个区别性特征各20分（定义、例子）每个区别性特征的定义、例子的解释说明完整、明确20分；每个区别性特征的定义解释明确，例子的解释较准确、但不完整15分；每个区别性特征的定义解释不准确，但例子的解释完整明确15分；每个区别性特征的定义解释不准确、例子的解释说明不完整10分；每个区别性特征只有定义的解释5分；另外，有对“区别性特征”术语的解释，加5分；语法错误和书写5分，酌情加减。
2、 What are the major functions of language? Think of your own examples for illustration.
评分规则: To answer this question, you can base yourself on either the tripartite framework or Jakobon’s model of language functions. According to the tripartite framework, there are three main functions: descriptive, expressive and social. (2)In Jakobson’s model, six functions have been specified:emotive, conative, referential, poetic, phatic communication and metalinguistic. (12)One proper example for each catergory is necessary. (6)
Chapter 1 Invitations to Linguistics Test for Chapter 1
1、 If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be __.
A: prescriptive
B:analytic
C:descriptive
D: linguistic
答案: descriptive
2、 Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?
A:Arbitrariness
B:Displacement
C:Duality
D:Meaningfulness
答案: Meaningfulness
3、 Modern linguistics regards the written language as ______.
A:primary
B:correct
C:secondary
D:stable
答案: secondary
4、 In modern linguistics, speech is regarded as more basic than writing, because _____.
A:in linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writing
B:speech plays a greater role than writing in terms of the amount of information conveyed.
C:speech is always the way in which every native speaker acquires his mother tongue
D: All of the above
答案: All of the above
5、 A historical study of language is a ____ study of language.
A:synchronic
B:diachronic
C:prescriptive
D:comparative
答案: diachronic
6、 Saussure took a (n)_ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a _____ point of view.
A:sociological…psychological
B:psychological…sociological
C:applied… pragmatic
D:semantic and linguistic
答案: sociological…psychological
7、 According to F. de Saussure, ____ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.
A:parole
B:performance
C:langue
D:Language
答案: langue
8、 Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between ___ and meanings.
A:sense
B:sounds
C:objects
D:ideas
答案: sounds
9、 Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is called___,
A: displacement
B: duality
C: flexibility
D:cultural transmission
答案: displacement
10、 The details of any language system is passed on from one generation to the next through ____ , rather than by instinct.
A: learning
B:teaching
C: books
D:both A and B
答案: both A and B
11、 refers to the actual realization of the ideal language user’s knowledge of the rules of his language in utterance.
A:Performance
B:Competence
C:Langue
D:Parole
答案: Performance
12、 By function people establish and maintain their status in society.
A:metalingual
B:phatic
C:performative
D:interpersonal
答案: interpersonal
13、 Knowing how to say something appropriate in a given situation and with exactly the effect you intend is a question of .
A:syntax
B:semantics
C:pragmatics
D:applied linguistics
答案: pragmatics
14、 We can understand and produce an infinitely large number of sentences including sentences we have never heard before because language is .
A:creative
B:limitless
C:arbitrary
D:resourceful
答案: creative
15、 answers such questions as how we as infants acquire our first language.
A:Psycholinguistics
B:Anthropological linguistics
C:Sociolinguistics
D:Biolinguistics
答案: Psycholinguistics
16、 Language is .
A:instinctive
B:non-instinctive
C:static
D:genetically transmitted
答案: non-instinctive
17、 ”Water boils at 100 degress centigrade.” The function of this sentence is .
A:phatic communion
B:informative
C:interpersonal
D:performative
答案: informative
18、 ”Nice day, isn’t it?” What is the function of this sentence?
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