Lesson 1 Academic Writing & Critical Thinking
1、 Read the following passage about Zoos and answer the questions.Zoos have existed in some form since at least 2500 BC in Egypt and Mesopotamia, where records indicate giraffes, bears, dolphins, and other animals were kept by aristocrats. The oldest still operating zoo in the world, Tiergarten Schönbrunn in Vienna, opened in 1752. Although controversy has historically surrounded zoos, from debates over displaying “exotic” humans in exhibits to zookeepers not knowing what to feed animals, I do believe that zoos should exist. ①In my opinion, zoos are important institutions that promote scientific research and public education, and save animals from extinction.First of all, zoos produce helpful scientific research. Since so many diseases can be transmitted from animals to humans, such as Ebola and the bird flu, zoos frequently conduct disease surveillance research in wildlife populations and their own captive populations that can lead to a direct impact on human health. Take the zoos in the United Stated as an example. In 2017, 173 accredited US zoos spent $25 million on research, studied 485 species and subspecies of animals, worked on 1,280 research projects, and published 170 research manuscripts.②Zoos can also educate the public about animals and conservation efforts. According to a study of 26 zoos worldwide published in Conservation Biology, visitors to zoos increased their knowledge of biodiversity and specific individual actions to protect biodiversity. Robin Ganzert, PhD, President and CEO of American Humane, once stated, “Zoos provide people, especially impressionable children, with the opportunity to see these remarkable animals up close. People won’t protect what they don’t love, and they can’t love what they don’t know.” ③It is zoos that give people the chance to appreciate the animals from different corners of the world in real life.In addition, zoos help save species from extinction and other dangers. According to records, there were only nine California condors in the wild in 1985. ④However, a joint conservation effort between the San Diego and Los Angeles Zoos with other organizations resulted in a population of 276 California condors in the wild and another 170 in captivity by 2016. The truth is that zoos are working to save polar bears, tigers, and wild African elephants from habitat loss, apes and rhinos from poachers, dolphins and whales from hunters, and bees and butterflies from population declines, among many other efforts to help many other animals.In conclusion, zoos do bring a lot of benefits to mankind and thus have a reason to exist. No matter in the promotion of scientific research and public education or in the save of animals from extinction, they have indeed made a huge difference. 1. What is the main argument of the author?
答案: Zoos should exist because they can help promote scientific research and public education, and save animals from extinction.
2、 Which point of view has the author adopted in this article?
答案: The third person point of view.
3、 Which of the four underlined sentences is a fact instead of an opinion?
答案: ④However, a joint conservation effort between the San Diego and Los Angeles Zoos with other organizations resulted in a population of 276 California condors in the wild and another 170 in captivity by 2016.
4、 If you want to do some further research about the benefits of zoos, you may need to read the following articles EXCEPT ______.
答案: Something Mysterious Is Killing Captive Gorillas
Lesson 2 Expository and Persuasive Essay Writing
1、 If you are going to tell people how to make a mosaic stained glass window, which type of writing would you probably choose?
答案: Expository writing.
2、 Which of the following articles is most likely to be persuasive writing?
答案: Textbooks Should Never be Replaced by Tablets in K-12 Schools
3、 You may use persuasive writing for the following purposes EXCEPT ______.
答案: to write news stories
4、 Decide if the following paragraph is persuasive writing. Garbage collectors in the Turkish capital Ankara are recycling the books they find in the trash. They have created a mobile library which is full of books that people have thrown away. The over 9,000 books are divided into 20 categories, including politics, philosophy, drama, thrillers, romance and history. The garbage collectors hope to create a greater passion for reading books in children, especially in the age of mobile phones and tablets.
答案: 错误
5、 Decide if the following paragraph is persuasive writing. The multiple-choice format used on standardized tests is an inadequate assessment tool. It encourages a simplistic way of thinking in which there are only right and wrong answers, which doesn’t apply in real-world situations. The format is also biased toward male students, who studies have shown adapt more easily to the game-like point scoring of multiple-choice questions.
答案: 正确
6、 Decide if the following paragraph is persuasive writing.Abortion should not be legalized since life begins at conception and thus unborn babies are human beings with a right to life. Upon fertilization, a human individual is created with a unique genetic identity that remains unchanged throughout his or her life. This individual has a fundamental right to life, which must be protected.
答案: 正确
Lesson 3 Writing Conclusions
1、 There are basically six different information elements that may appear in the conclusion of academic essays:A. Original question and hypothesisB. Review of major findingsC. Explanation for findingsD. LimitationsE. ImplicationsF. Further research applicationsRead the following sentences and decide which type of information each sentence expresses. Fill in each blank with a letter that corresponds to the type of information expressed in the sentence. For example, you will write “A” if the sentence indicates the original question or hypothesis, or “B” if it is a review of major findings.1. A control group was not available and only two measures were taken in assessing changes in satisfaction.
答案: (以下答案任选其一都对)D;
d
2、 This study suggests that reactions to driving situations are not fully determined by the objective facts.
答案: (以下答案任选其一都对)E;
e
3、 The findings of this research raise three general issues for future consideration.
答案: (以下答案任选其一都对)F;
f
4、 This research was aimed at finding out why so many people believe political manoeuver is common.
答案: (以下答案任选其一都对)A;
a
5、 We have seen that e-mail is both the product as well as a powerful medium for human action.
答案: (以下答案任选其一都对)B;
b
6、 The small scale of this study requires particular caution in interpreting these findings.
答案: (以下答案任选其一都对)D;
d
7、 The findings of this study support the basic premise that the lexicon is an integral component in the construction of meaningful written text.
答案: (以下答案任选其一都对)C;
c
8、 The theory led us to infer that older workers would have poorer performance than younger workers.
答案: (以下答案任选其一都对)E;
e
Lesson 4 Incorporating Sources
1、 Read the following paragraph about animal testing and answer the questions.Many people believe that animal testing should not be forbidden since it has contributed to many life-saving cures and treatments. The California Biomedical Research Association states that nearly every medical breakthrough in the last 100 years has resulted directly from research using animals. For example, experiments in which dogs had their pancreases removed led directly to the discovery of insulin, critical to saving the lives of diabetics. Chris Abee, Director of the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center’s animal research facility, states that “we wouldn’t have a vaccine for hepatitis B without chimpanzees,” and says that the use of chimps is “our best hope” for finding a vaccine for Hepatitis C, a disease that kills thousands of Americans annually.1. How many sources are cited?
答案: Two.
2、 What is the main method the author adopted to incorporate the evidence from Chris Abee into the argument?
答案: Using direct quote.
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